Indian Musical Instruments

Indian musical instruments can be broadly classified according to the Hornbostel–Sachs system into four categories: 

chordophones (string instruments), 

aerophones (wind instruments) , 

membranophones (drums) and 

idiophones (non-drum percussion instruments).

Chordophones

Plucked Instruments

Taus

• Bulbul Tarang
• Dotar, Dotora, or Dotara
• Ektara
• Getchu Vadyam or Jhallari
• Gopichand or Gopiyantra or Khamak
• Gottuvadhyam or Chitravina
• Katho
• Santoor
• VIOLIN
• Sarod
• Sitar
• Surbahar
• Surshringar
• Swarabat
• Swarmandal
• Tambura
• Tumbi
• Tuntuna
• Magadi Veena
• Mohan Veena
• Nakula Veena
• Nanduni
• Rudra Veena
• Saraswati Veena
• Vichitra Veena
• Yazh

Chord percussion:

• Gethu or Jhallari
• Gubguba
• Pulluvan kutam

Bowed

Ustad Mahmood Khan Sarangi Player From Kirana Gharana

Tribal fiddle instruments called "Dhodro Banam" used by Santhal people in Eastern India.

• Chikara
• Dilruba
• Esraj
• Kamaicha
• Mayuri Vina or Taus
• Onavillu
• Pena or Bana
• Pulluvan pattu - one stringed violin
• Ravanahatha
• Folk sarangi
• Classical sarangi
• Sarinda
• Tar shehnai

Aerophones

• Alghoza - double flute
• Bombashi or Bommbanshi

Single reed

• Pepa
• Pungi or Been

Snake charmer playing pungi

Double reed

• Kuzhal
• Nadaswaram
• Shehnai

Flute

• Bansuri
• Sundari
• Tangmuri
• Venu (Carnatic flute) Pullanguzhal

Bagpipes

• Mashak
• Titti
• Sruti upanga

Free reed

• Gogona
• Morsing

Free reed and bellow

• Shruti box
• Harmonium (hand-pumped)

Brass

• Ekkalam
• Kombu

Other wind instruments

• Ramsinga

Membranophones

Hand drums[edit]

Dhad Damru Dholak Duggi Ghat singhari or gada singari Ghumot Gummeta Khol Maddale Maram Mizhavu Mridangam

Pakhavaj Pakhavaj jori - Sikh instrument similar to tabla Panchamukha vadyam Pung Shuddha madalam or Maddalam Tabala / tabl / chameli - goblet drum Tabla Tabla tarang - set of tablas Tamte Thanthi Panai Thimila Tumbak, tumbaknari, tumbaknaer

Tumbaknaer, goblet drum from Jammu and Kashmir

Chenda (top) and Chande (below) are different drums.

Chande

Hand frame drums

• Daff, duff, daf or duf - medium or large frame drum without jingles, of Persian origin
• Dimdi or dimri - small frame drum without jingles
• Kanjira - small frame drum with one jingle
• Kansi - small without jingles
• Patayani thappu - medium frame drum played with hands

Stick and hand drums

• Chenda
• Dollu
• Dhak
• Dhol
• Dholi
• Idakka
• Thavil
• Udukai

Stick drums

• Chande
• Nagara - pair of kettledrums
• Pambai - unit of two cylindrical drums
• Parai thappu, halgi - frame drum played with two sticks
• Sambal
• Stick daff or stick duff - daff in a stand played with sticks
• Tamak'
• Tasha - type of kettledrum
• Urumee

Idiophones

Jaltarang

• Chimpta - fire tong with brass jingles
• Chengila
• Elathalam
• Geger - brass vessel
• Ghatam and Matkam (Earthenware pot drum)
• Ghungroo
• Khartal or Chiplya
• Manjeera or jhanj or taal
• Nut - clay pot
• Sankarjang - lithophone
• Thattukazhi mannai

Melodic

• Jal tarang, ceramic bowls with water
• Kanch tarang, a type of glass harp
• Kashtha tarang, a type of xylophone
• Loh tarang, a set of metallic plates

Electronic

• Electronic tanpura
• Talameter